Crop Production
ISSN: 1936-3737
Released June 12, 2024, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service
(NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Winter Wheat Production Up 1 Percent from May Forecast
Orange Production Up Less Than 1 Percent
Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.29 billion bushels, up 1 percent
from the May 1 forecast and up 4 percent from 2023. As of June 1, the
United States yield is forecast at 51.4 bushels per acre, up 0.7 bushel from
last month and up 0.8 bushel from last year's average yield of 50.6 bushels
per acre.
Hard Red Winter production, at 726 million bushels, is up 3 percent from last
month. Soft Red Winter, at 342 million bushels, is down less than 1 percent
from the May forecast. White Winter, at 226 million bushels, is down
1 percent from last month. Of the White Winter production,
17.8 million bushels are Hard White and 209 million bushels are Soft White.
The United States all orange forecast for the 2023-2024 season is
2.69 million tons, up less than 1 percent from the previous forecast but
up 6 percent from the 2022-2023 final utilization. The Florida all orange
forecast, at 17.9 million boxes (804,000 tons), is up less than 1 percent
from the previous forecast and up 13 percent from last season's final
utilization. In Florida, early, midseason, and Navel varieties are forecast
at 6.76 million boxes (304,000 tons), down 1 percent from the previous
forecast but up 10 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida
Valencia orange forecast, at 11.1 million boxes (500,000 tons), is
up 1 percent from the previous forecast and up 15 percent from last season's
final utilization.
This report was approved on June 12, 2024.
Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Jason Hafemeister
Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Lance Honig
Contents
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted
June 1, 2024............................................................................................. 5
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted
June 1, 2024............................................................................................. 6
Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2023 and Forecasted June 1, 2024.............................. 6
Hops Area Harvested by Variety - States and United States: 2023 and 2024................................. 7
Hops Organic Area Harvested - United States: 2023 and 2024............................................... 8
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2022-2023 and Forecasted
June 1, 2024............................................................................................. 9
Tart Cherry Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted June 1, 2024...................... 10
Sweet Cherry Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted June 1, 2024..................... 10
Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2022-2024............................ 11
Maple Syrup Price and Value - States and United States: 2022-2024........................................ 11
Maple Syrup Sales by Type - States and United States: 2022 and 2023...................................... 12
Maple Syrup Retail and Wholesale Price - States and United States: 2022 and 2023......................... 12
Maple Syrup Bulk Price - States and United States: 2022 and 2023......................................... 13
Maple Syrup Grade - States and United States: 2022 and 2023.............................................. 13
Maple Sap Sales and Price - States and United States: 2022 and 2023...................................... 13
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2023 and 2024.. 14
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2023 and 2024.... 16
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2023 and 2024.............................. 18
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2023 and 2024................................ 19
Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2020-2024.......... 20
Percent of Normal Precipitation Map...................................................................... 21
Departure from Normal Temperature Map.................................................................... 21
May Weather Summary...................................................................................... 22
May Agricultural Summary................................................................................. 23
Crop Comments............................................................................................ 25
Statistical Methodology.................................................................................. 27
Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecasts.......................................................... 28
Information Contacts..................................................................................... 29
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and
Forecasted June 1, 2024
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production
:------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : : : 2024 : :
: 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :-------------------: 2023 : 2024
: : : : May 1 : June 1 : :
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 acres ------- bushels ------- --- 1,000 bushels ---
:
Arkansas .......: 165 75 57.0 50.0 50.0 9,405 3,750
California .....: 80 80 80.0 80.0 82.0 6,400 6,560
Colorado .......: 1,820 1,850 41.0 44.0 41.0 74,620 75,850
Idaho ..........: 630 690 89.0 90.0 85.0 56,070 58,650
Illinois .......: 780 680 87.0 83.0 82.0 67,860 55,760
Indiana ........: 335 240 92.0 84.0 86.0 30,820 20,640
Kansas .........: 5,750 7,050 35.0 38.0 40.0 201,250 282,000
Kentucky .......: 460 370 88.0 83.0 83.0 40,480 30,710
Maryland .......: 195 175 85.0 82.0 82.0 16,575 14,350
Michigan .......: 560 380 83.0 85.0 87.0 46,480 33,060
:
Missouri .......: 600 500 70.0 67.0 68.0 42,000 34,000
Montana ........: 1,680 1,850 51.0 47.0 51.0 85,680 94,350
Nebraska .......: 880 850 42.0 47.0 50.0 36,960 42,500
North Carolina .: 400 320 70.0 64.0 60.0 28,000 19,200
Ohio ...........: 590 450 90.0 84.0 83.0 53,100 37,350
Oklahoma .......: 2,450 2,600 28.0 37.0 38.0 68,600 98,800
Oregon .........: 725 715 56.0 68.0 70.0 40,600 50,050
Pennsylvania ...: 230 200 76.0 77.0 77.0 17,480 15,400
South Dakota ...: 700 780 47.0 52.0 54.0 32,900 42,120
Tennessee ......: 390 310 80.0 80.0 76.0 31,200 23,560
:
Texas ..........: 2,100 2,100 37.0 34.0 34.0 77,700 71,400
Virginia .......: 135 100 78.0 71.0 70.0 10,530 7,000
Washington .....: 1,750 1,800 54.0 65.0 64.0 94,500 115,200
Wisconsin ......: 230 200 76.0 78.0 79.0 17,480 15,800
:
Other States 1/ : 1,048 833 58.3 56.2 56.2 61,058 46,825
:
United States ..: 24,683 25,198 50.6 50.7 51.4 1,247,748 1,294,885
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ For 2023, other States include Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, Mississippi, New Jersey,
New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. For 2024, other
States include Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, North
Dakota, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be
published in the "Small Grains 2024 Summary."
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and
Forecasted June 1, 2024
[Area harvested for the United States and remaining States will be published in the "Acreage"
report released June 2024. Yield and production will be published in the "Crop Production"
report released July 2024. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production
:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : : : 2024 : :
: 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :-------------------: 2023 : 2024
: : : : May 1 : June 1 : :
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 acres --------- bushels -------- 1,000 bushels
:
Arizona ........: 37 59 103.0 103.0 102.0 3,811 6,018
California .....: 17 16 114.0 103.0 103.0 1,938 1,648
Idaho 1/ .......: 10 (NA) 65.0 (NA) (NA) 650 (NA)
Montana ........: 675 31.0 20,925
North Dakota ...: 865 37.0 32,005
:
United States ..: 1,604 37.0 59,329
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(NA) Not available.
1/ Estimates discontinued in 2024.
Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2023 and Forecasted June 1, 2024
[Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both
surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class
percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have
survey or administrative data available. Blank data cells indicate estimation
period has not yet begun]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop : 2023 : 2024
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 bushels
:
Winter :
Hard red ..........: 601,017 726,443
Soft red ..........: 449,017 342,052
Hard white ........: 14,142 17,778
Soft white ........: 183,572 208,612
:
Spring :
Hard red ..........: 468,068
Hard white ........: 8,745
Soft white ........: 28,087
Durum .............: 59,329
:
Total .......... : 1,811,977
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hops Area Harvested by Variety - States and United States: 2023 and 2024
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State and variety : Area harvested : Strung for harvest
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: acres
:
Idaho :
Amarillo R, VGXP01 ...... : 537 514
Apollo TM ............... : 209 211
Cascade ...........................: 699 325
Cashmere ..........................: 91 (D)
Chinook ...........................: 409 191
Citra R, HBC 394 ........ : 1,014 609
Columbus/Tomahawk R/Zeus (CTZ) : 1,059 822
Comet .............................: 108 (D)
El Dorado R ............. : 242 (D)
Elani TM, YQH-1320 ...... : 8 8
:
Eureka! TM .............. : 525 376
Hallertauer Mittelfruher ..........: 159 159
Helios TM, HS15619 ...... : 503 642
Idaho 7 R ............... : 290 260
Mosaic R, HBC 369 ....... : 1,120 497
Mt. Rainier .......................: 66 -
Saaz ..............................: 380 379
Simcoe R, YCR 14 ........ : 257 70
Willamette ........................: 459 157
Experimental ......................: (D) 35
:
Other varieties 1/ ................: 510 715
:
Total .............................: 8,645 5,970
:
Oregon :
Amarillo R, VGXP01 ...... : 204 217
Cascade ...........................: 629 493
Centennial ........................: 386 420
Chinook ...........................: 76 63
Citra R, HBC 394 ........ : 1,528 1,326
Crystal ...........................: 240 198
Liberty ...........................: 25 25
Mosaic R, HBC 369 ....... : 847 690
Mt. Hood ..........................: 188 145
Mt. Rainier .......................: 109 (D)
:
Nugget ............................: 375 257
Simcoe R, YCR 14 ........ : 466 401
Sterling ..........................: 30 40
Strata R, OR91331 ....... : 839 583
Tahoma ............................: 104 (D)
Willamette ........................: 439 181
:
Other varieties 1/ ................: 337 552
:
Total .............................: 6,822 5,591
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Hops Area Harvested by Variety - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 (continued)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State and variety : Area harvested : Strung for harvest
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: acres
:
Washington :
Amarillo R, VGXP01 ...... : 1,436 1,275
Apollo TM ............... : 802 870
Azacca R, ADHA-483 ...... : 401 387
Bravo TM ................ : 206 102
Cascade ...........................: 3,156 2,167
Cashmere ..........................: 258 202
Centennial ........................: 2,103 2,082
Chinook ...........................: 1,216 954
Citra R, HBC 394 ........ : 6,314 4,785
Cluster ...........................: 195 281
:
Columbus/Tomahawk R/Zeus (CTZ) : 5,295 4,666
Comet .............................: 175 173
Ekuanot R, HBC 366 ...... : 373 347
El Dorado R ............. : 621 481
Elani TM, YQH-1320 ...... : 61 58
Eureka! TM .............. : 621 480
HBC 682 ...........................: 2,226 2,414
Helios TM, HS15619 ...... : 1,006 1,287
Idaho 7 R ............... : 148 150
Loral R, HBC 291 ........ : 161 107
:
Mosaic R, HBC 369 ....... : 3,309 2,430
Mt. Hood ..........................: (D) 50
Mt. Rainier .......................: 212 (D)
Palisade R, YCR 4 ....... : 260 316
Pekko R, ADHA-871 ....... : 1,045 (D)
Sabro R, HBC 438 ........ : 203 203
Simcoe R, YCR 14 ........ : 3,483 2,839
Super Galena TM ......... : 354 355
Tahoma ............................: 385 258
Talus R, HBC 692 ........ : 147 95
:
Warrior R, YCR 5 ........ : 148 128
Willamette ........................: 199 176
Experimental ......................: 602 567
:
Other varieties 1/ ................: 1,730 2,297
:
Total .............................: 38,851 32,982
:
United States .................. : 54,318 44,543
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Represents zero.
(D)Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
R Registered
TM Trademark
1/ Includes data withheld to avoid disclosure of individual operations and varieties not
listed.
Hops Organic Area Harvested - United States: 2023 and 2024
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Area harvested : Strung for harvest
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: acres
:
United States .....................: 634 476
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2022-2023 and
Forecasted June 1, 2024
[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of
harvest the following year]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Utilized production boxes 1/ :Utilized production ton equivalent
Crop and State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022-2023 : 2023-2024 : 2022-2023 : 2023-2024
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ------ 1,000 boxes ----- ------ 1,000 tons -----
Oranges :
California, all 2/ .........: 44,700 46,000 1,788 1,840
Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ..: 36,100 38,000 1,444 1,520
Valencia ..................: 8,600 8,000 344 320
:
Florida, all ...............: 15,820 17,860 712 804
Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ..: 6,150 6,760 277 304
Valencia ..................: 9,670 11,100 435 500
:
Texas, all 2/ ..............: 1,130 1,100 48 47
Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ..: 570 700 24 30
Valencia ..................: 560 400 24 17
:
United States, all .........: 61,650 64,960 2,548 2,691
Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ..: 42,820 45,460 1,745 1,854
Valencia ..................: 18,830 19,500 803 837
:
Grapefruit :
California 2/ ..............: 4,300 4,100 172 164
Florida, all ...............: 1,810 1,790 77 76
Texas 2/ ...................: 2,250 2,600 90 104
:
United States ..............: 8,360 8,490 339 344
:
Tangerines and mandarins 4/ :
California 2/ ..............: 23,550 22,000 942 880
Florida ....................: 480 450 23 21
:
United States ..............: 24,030 22,450 965 901
:
Lemons 2/ :
Arizona ....................: 1,400 1,050 56 42
California .................: 26,000 22,000 1,040 880
:
United States ..............: 27,400 23,050 1,096 922
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80,
Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80.
2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties
in Florida and Texas.
4/ Includes tangelos and tangors.
Tart Cherry Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted June 1, 2024
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Total production
State :-----------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: million pounds
:
Michigan ................: 133.0 182.0
New York 1/ .............: (D) (NA)
Utah ....................: 32.7 40.0
Washington 1/ ...........: (D) (NA)
Wisconsin 1/ ............: 10.0 (NA)
:
Other States ............: 24.5 (X)
:
United States ...........: 200.2 222.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1/ Estimates discontinued in 2024.
Sweet Cherry Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted June 1, 2024
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Total production
State :-----------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: tons
:
California ..............: 107,500 105,000
Michigan 1/ .............: (NA) 22,000
Oregon ..................: 38,800 43,000
Washington ..............: 208,000 185,000
:
United States ...........: 354,300 355,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(NA) Not available.
1/ Estimates began in 2024.
Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2022-2024
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Acreage : Number of taps : Yield per tap : Production
State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022 : 2023 :2024 1/: 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: -------- acres ------- ----- 1,000 taps ----- ------ gallons ------ --- 1,000 gallons ---
:
Connecticut 1/ ...: (NA) (NA) 2,800 (NA) (NA) 60 (NA) (NA) 0.186 (NA) (NA) 11
Indiana 1/ .......: (NA) (NA) 3,300 (NA) (NA) 95 (NA) (NA) 0.228 (NA) (NA) 22
Maine ............: (NA) (NA) 21,500 1,950 1,880 1,900 0.349 0.250 0.369 681 470 701
Massachusetts 1/ .: (NA) (NA) 4,600 (NA) (NA) 200 (NA) (NA) 0.244 (NA) (NA) 49
Michigan .........: (NA) (NA) 11,300 640 620 650 0.336 0.330 0.308 215 205 200
Minnesota 1/ .....: (NA) (NA) 3,700 (NA) (NA) 96 (NA) (NA) 0.271 (NA) (NA) 26
New Hampshire ....: (NA) (NA) 11,200 560 490 520 0.308 0.303 0.286 172 148 149
New York .........: (NA) (NA) 60,000 2,900 2,500 2,800 0.291 0.300 0.302 844 750 846
Ohio 1/ ..........: (NA) (NA) 12,300 (NA) (NA) 400 (NA) (NA) 0.240 (NA) (NA) 96
Pennsylvania .....: (NA) (NA) 13,700 920 780 790 0.219 0.263 0.231 201 205 182
:
Vermont ..........: (NA) (NA) 141,000 8,500 8,100 8,400 0.384 0.322 0.370 3,264 2,608 3,108
West Virginia 1/ .: (NA) (NA) 2,200 (NA) (NA) 70 (NA) (NA) 0.171 (NA) (NA) 12
Wisconsin ........: (NA) (NA) 31,100 1,270 1,120 1,140 0.481 0.408 0.402 611 457 458
:
United States ....: (NA) (NA) 318,700 16,740 15,490 17,121 0.358 0.313 0.342 5,988 4,843 5,860
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(NA) Not available.
1/ Estimates began in 2024.
Maple Syrup Price and Value - States and United States: 2022-2024
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Average price per gallon : Value of production
State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022 : 2023 : 2024 1/ : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 1/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --------- dollars -------- ------ 1,000 dollars ------
:
Maine ............: 34.90 31.50 23,767 14,805
Michigan .........: 37.10 42.80 7,977 8,774
New Hampshire ....: 52.20 50.30 8,978 7,444
New York .........: 37.50 35.40 31,650 26,550
Pennsylvania .....: 34.90 37.00 7,015 7,585
Vermont ..........: 33.10 30.30 108,038 79,022
Wisconsin ........: 31.40 31.70 19,185 14,487
:
United States ....: 34.50 32.80 206,610 158,667
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Price and value for 2024 will be published in "Crop Production" released June 2025.
Maple Syrup Sales by Type - States and United States: 2022 and 2023
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Retail : Wholesale : Bulk : Value Added
State :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 gallons 1,000 gallons 1,000 gallons 1,000 gallons
:
Maine ............: 32 32 80 67 567 354 2 17
Michigan .........: 68 65 77 69 60 68 10 3
New Hampshire ....: 57 34 85 80 24 27 6 7
New York .........: 177 155 164 106 463 458 40 31
Pennsylvania .....: 50 78 44 33 95 82 12 12
Vermont ..........: 302 221 250 125 2,675 2,209 37 53
Wisconsin ........: 48 51 105 40 456 354 2 12
:
United States ....: 734 636 805 520 4,340 3,552 109 135
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maple Syrup Retail and Wholesale Price - States and United States: 2022 and 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Retail : Wholesale
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per gallon dollars per gallon
:
Maine ............: 63.00 69.80 39.60 41.90
Michigan .........: 50.80 56.60 31.90 44.30
New Hampshire ....: 59.60 64.90 54.90 53.70
New York .........: 53.00 53.80 43.60 43.40
Pennsylvania .....: 45.40 47.10 38.60 42.00
Vermont ..........: 54.00 57.10 37.30 40.80
Wisconsin ........: 52.70 52.00 35.70 46.40
:
United States ....: 53.60 55.70 40.00 44.40
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maple Syrup Bulk Price - States and United States: 2022 and 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Bulk all grades : Bulk all grades
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per pound dollars per gallon
:
Maine ............: 2.96 2.37 32.60 26.10
Michigan .........: 2.58 2.56 28.40 28.20
New Hampshire ....: 2.33 1.97 25.70 21.70
New York .........: 2.67 2.48 29.40 27.30
Pennsylvania .....: 2.51 2.30 27.70 25.30
Vermont ..........: 2.75 2.45 30.30 27.00
Wisconsin ........: 2.56 2.46 28.20 27.10
:
United States ....: 2.70 2.40 30.20 26.90
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maple Syrup Grade - States and United States: 2022 and 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Grade A : Processing Grade
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --------- gallons -------- -------- gallons -------
:
Maine ............: 630,791 413,136 48,209 39,864
Michigan .........: 189,215 198,970 15,785 3,030
New Hampshire ....: 152,720 137,052 13,280 3,948
New York .........: 766,212 688,802 37,788 30,198
Pennsylvania .....: 175,014 176,016 13,986 16,984
Vermont ..........: 2,797,809 2,498,790 429,191 56,210
Wisconsin ........: 572,460 436,100 36,540 8,900
:
United States ....: 5,284,221 4,548,866 594,779 159,134
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maple Sap Sales and Price - States and United States: 2022 and 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sap Sales : Sap Price
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --------- gallons --------- dollars per gallon
:
Maine ............: (D) (D) (D) (D)
Michigan .........: (D) 193,650 (D) 0.34
New Hampshire ....: 60,000 260,000 0.27 0.28
New York .........: 794,000 1,419,000 0.52 0.23
Pennsylvania .....: 108,000 (D) 0.35 (D)
Vermont ..........: 4,634,000 8,447,000 0.90 0.31
Wisconsin ........: 1,487,000 1,502,000 0.29 0.33
:
Other States 1/ ..: 104,000 172,000 1.55 0.22
:
United States ....: 7,187,000 11,993,650 0.70 0.30
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1/ Includes data withheld above.
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States:
2023 and 2024
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous
reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year. Blank data cells indicate
estimation period has not yet begun]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Area planted : Area harvested
Crop :-------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 acres
:
Grains and hay :
Barley .................................: 3,101 2,566 2,555
Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 94,641 90,036 86,513
Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,471
Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 52,821 51,562
Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) 15,634
All other ............................: (NA) 37,187
Oats ...................................: 2,555 2,318 831
Proso millet ...........................: 619 572
Rice ...................................: 2,894 2,932 2,854
Rye ....................................: 2,293 322
Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 7,195 6,395 6,115
Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 384
Wheat, all .............................: 49,575 47,498 37,272
Winter ...............................: 36,699 34,135 24,683 25,198
Durum ................................: 1,676 2,028 1,604
Other spring .........................: 11,200 11,335 10,985
:
Oilseeds :
Canola .................................: 2,344.5 2,366.5 2,319.2
Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X)
Flaxseed ...............................: 178 105 160
Mustard seed ...........................: 245.0 238.1
Peanuts ................................: 1,645.0 1,651.0 1,574.0
Rapeseed ...............................: 13.2 10.1
Safflower ..............................: 129.5 126.0
Soybeans for beans .....................: 83,600 86,510 82,356
Sunflower ..............................: 1,315.0 957.5 1,267.5
:
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops :
Cotton, all ............................: 10,230.0 10,673.0 6,439.6
Upland ...............................: 10,083.0 10,470.0 6,301.8
American Pima ........................: 147.0 203.0 137.8
Sugarbeets .............................: 1,137.4 1,129.0 1,127.3
Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) 929.6
Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 187.6 165.3
:
Dry beans, peas, and lentils :
Chickpeas ..............................: 372.4 429.0 359.2
Dry edible beans .......................: 1,180.0 1,316.0 1,156.9
Dry edible peas ........................: 966.0 974.0 941.0
Lentils ................................: 546.0 762.0 523.0
:
Potatoes and miscellaneous :
Hops ...................................: (NA) (NA) 54.3 44.5
Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA)
Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 31.3
Potatoes ...............................: 965.0 960.2
Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 12.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States:
2023 and 2024 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous
reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year. Blank data cells indicate
estimation period has not yet begun]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Yield per acre : Production
Crop :-------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --------- 1,000 --------
:
Grains and hay :
Barley ..........................bushels: 72.4 185,036
Corn for grain ..................bushels: 177.3 15,341,595
Corn for silage ....................tons: 20.1 129,994
Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.25 118,769
Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.19 49,916
All other ........................tons: 1.85 68,853
Oats ............................bushels: 68.6 57,045
Proso millet ....................bushels: 34.2 19,572
Rice 2/ .............................cwt: 7,649 218,291
Rye .............................bushels: 32.2 10,375
Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 52.0 317,745
Sorghum for silage .................tons: 13.0 4,981
Wheat, all ......................bushels: 48.6 1,811,977
Winter ........................bushels: 50.6 51.4 1,247,748 1,294,885
Durum .........................bushels: 37.0 59,329
Other spring ..................bushels: 46.0 504,900
:
Oilseeds :
Canola ...........................pounds: 1,793 4,157,420
Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 3,644.0
Flaxseed ........................bushels: 18.5 2,961
Mustard seed .....................pounds: 627 149,305
Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,742 5,890,020
Rapeseed .........................pounds: 2,003 20,230
Safflower ........................pounds: 1,036 130,570
Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 50.6 4,164,677
Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,786 2,263,520
:
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops :
Cotton, all 2/ ....................bales: 899 12,066.0
Upland 2/ .......................bales: 895 11,750.0
American Pima 2/ ................bales: 1,101 316.0
Sugarbeets .........................tons: 31.2 35,226
Sugarcane ..........................tons: 36.3 33,766
Tobacco ..........................pounds: 2,305 432,452
:
Dry beans, peas, and lentils :
Chickpeas 2/ ........................cwt: 1,315 4,722
Dry edible beans 2/ .................cwt: 2,067 23,910
Dry edible peas 2/ ..................cwt: 1,922 18,086
Lentils 2/ ..........................cwt: 1,098 5,742
:
Potatoes and miscellaneous :
Hops .............................pounds: 1,915 104,042.5
Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) (NA) 4,843 5,860
Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) 666,647
Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 90 2,811
Potatoes ............................cwt: 459 440,750
Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 126 1,541
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1/ Area planted for all purposes.
2/ Yield in pounds.
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States:
2023 and 2024
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from
previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year. Blank data
cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Area planted : Area harvested
Crop :-------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: hectares
:
Grains and hay :
Barley .........................: 1,254,940 1,038,430 1,033,980
Corn for grain 1/ ..............: 38,300,270 36,436,670 35,010,950
Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,618,750
Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 21,376,130 20,866,630
Alfalfa ......................: (NA) 6,326,920
All other ....................: (NA) 15,049,210
Oats ...........................: 1,033,980 938,070 336,300
Proso millet ...................: 250,500 231,480
Rice ...........................: 1,171,170 1,186,550 1,154,990
Rye ............................: 927,950 130,310
Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,911,740 2,587,990 2,474,680
Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 155,400
Wheat, all 2/ ..................: 20,062,510 19,221,970 15,083,610
Winter .......................: 14,851,720 13,814,090 9,988,960 10,197,380
Durum ........................: 678,260 820,710 649,120
Other spring .................: 4,532,530 4,587,160 4,445,520
:
Oilseeds :
Canola .........................: 948,800 957,700 938,560
Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X)
Flaxseed .......................: 72,030 42,490 64,750
Mustard seed ...................: 99,150 96,360
Peanuts ........................: 665,720 668,140 636,980
Rapeseed .......................: 5,340 4,090
Safflower ......................: 52,410 50,990
Soybeans for beans .............: 33,832,080 35,009,730 33,328,650
Sunflower ......................: 532,170 387,490 512,940
:
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops:
Cotton, all 2/ .................: 4,139,980 4,319,260 2,606,040
Upland .......................: 4,080,490 4,237,100 2,550,280
American Pima ................: 59,490 82,150 55,770
Sugarbeets .....................: 460,290 456,900 456,210
Sugarcane ......................: (NA) 376,200
Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 75,930 66,900
:
Dry beans, peas, and lentils :
Chickpeas ......................: 150,710 173,610 145,360
Dry edible beans ...............: 477,530 532,570 468,190
Dry edible peas ................: 390,930 394,170 380,810
Lentils ........................: 220,960 308,370 211,650
:
Potatoes and miscellaneous :
Hops ...........................: (NA) (NA) 21,980 18,030
Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA)
Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 12,670
Potatoes .......................: 390,530 388,580
Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 4,940
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States:
2023 and 2024 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous
reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year. Blank data cells indicate
estimation period has not yet begun]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Yield per hectare : Production
Crop :-------------------------------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: metric tons
:
Grains and hay :
Barley .................................: 3.90 4,028,680
Corn for grain .........................: 11.13 389,694,460
Corn for silage ........................: 45.03 117,928,570
Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.04 107,745,420
Alfalfa ..............................: 7.16 45,283,030
All other ............................: 4.15 62,462,390
Oats ...................................: 2.46 828,010
Proso millet ...........................: 1.92 443,890
Rice ...................................: 8.57 9,901,510
Rye ....................................: 2.02 263,540
Sorghum for grain ......................: 3.26 8,071,090
Sorghum for silage .....................: 29.08 4,518,690
Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 3.27 49,313,930
Winter ...............................: 3.40 3.46 33,958,140 35,240,990
Durum ................................: 2.49 1,614,670
Other spring .........................: 3.09 13,741,130
:
Oilseeds :
Canola .................................: 2.01 1,885,770
Cottonseed .............................: (X) 3,305,780
Flaxseed ...............................: 1.16 75,210
Mustard seed ...........................: 0.70 67,720
Peanuts ................................: 4.19 2,671,670
Rapeseed ...............................: 2.25 9,180
Safflower ..............................: 1.16 59,230
Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.40 113,343,930
Sunflower ..............................: 2.00 1,026,720
:
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops :
Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 1.01 2,627,060
Upland ...............................: 1.00 2,558,260
American Pima ........................: 1.23 68,800
Sugarbeets .............................: 70.05 31,956,490
Sugarcane ..............................: 81.42 30,632,000
Tobacco ................................: 2.58 196,160
:
Dry beans, peas, and lentils :
Chickpeas ..............................: 1.47 214,190
Dry edible beans .......................: 2.32 1,084,540
Dry edible peas ........................: 2.15 820,370
Lentils ................................: 1.23 260,450
:
Potatoes and miscellaneous :
Hops ...................................: 2.15 47,190
Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) 24,220 29,300
Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) 302,390
Peppermint oil .........................: 0.10 1,280
Potatoes ...............................: 51.45 19,992,090
Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.14 700
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1/ Area planted for all purposes.
2/ Total may not add due to rounding.
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2023 and 2024
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or
from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2023-2024 season. Blank data cells indicate
estimation period has not yet begun]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Production
Crop :-----------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Citrus 1/ :
Grapefruit ......................1,000 tons: 339 344
Lemons ..........................1,000 tons: 1,096 922
Oranges .........................1,000 tons: 2,548 2,691
Tangerines and mandarins ........1,000 tons: 965 901
:
Noncitrus :
Apples, commercial ..........million pounds: 11,357.5
Apricots ..............................tons: 35,820
Avocados ..............................tons: 128,850
Blueberries, Cultivated .......1,000 pounds: 648,000
Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .....1,000 pounds: 87,600
Cherries, Sweet .......................tons: 354,300 355,000
Cherries, Tart ..............million pounds: 200.2 222.0
Coffee (Hawaii) ...............1,000 pounds: 23,310
Cranberries .........................barrel: 8,110,000
:
Dates .................................tons: 49,050
Grapes ................................tons: 5,909,500
Kiwifruit (California) ................tons: 27,400
Nectarines (California) ...............tons: 145,500
Olives (California) ...................tons: 121,500
Papayas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 10,250
Peaches ...............................tons: 588,540
Pears .................................tons: 665,500
Plums (California) ....................tons: 89,600
Prunes (California) ...................tons: 287,400
Raspberries ...................1,000 pounds: 138,100
Strawberries .....................1,000 cwt: 27,560.0
:
Nuts and miscellaneous :
Almonds, shelled (California) .1,000 pounds: 2,470,000 3,000,000
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 94,200
Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........1,000 pounds: 36,800
Pecans, in-shell ..............1,000 pounds: 306,750
Pistachios (California) .......1,000 pounds: 1,490,000
Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 824,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Production years are 2022-2023 and 2023-2024.
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2023 and 2024
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or
from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2023-2024 season. Blank data cells indicate
estimation period has not yet begun]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Production
Crop :-----------------------------------
: 2023 : 2024
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: metric tons
:
Citrus 1/ :
Grapefruit ................................: 307,540 312,070
Lemons ....................................: 994,270 836,420
Oranges ...................................: 2,311,510 2,441,230
Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 875,430 817,370
:
Noncitrus :
Apples, commercial ........................: 5,151,680
Apricots ..................................: 32,500
Avocados ..................................: 116,890
Blueberries, Cultivated ...................: 293,930
Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .................: 39,730
Cherries, Sweet ...........................: 321,420 322,050
Cherries, Tart ............................: 90,810 100,700
Coffee (Hawaii) ...........................: 10,570
Cranberries ...............................: 367,860
:
Dates .....................................: 44,500
Grapes ....................................: 5,361,010
Kiwifruit (California) ....................: 24,860
Nectarines (California) ...................: 132,000
Olives (California) .......................: 110,220
Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: 4,650
Peaches ...................................: 533,910
Pears .....................................: 603,730
Plums (California) ........................: 81,280
Prunes (California) .......................: 260,720
Raspberries ...............................: 62,640
Strawberries ..............................: 1,250,100
:
Nuts and miscellaneous :
Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 1,120,370 1,360,780
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 85,460
Macadamias (Hawaii) .......................: 16,690
Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 139,140
Pistachios (California) ...................: 675,850
Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 747,520
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Production years are 2022-2023 and 2023-2024.
Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield
surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States during 2024. Randomly selected
plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through
harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are
based on counts from this survey.
Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab -
United States: 2020-2024
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
: June : July : August
Year :-----------------------------------------------------------
: Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent
:
2020 ..........: 14 64 92
2021 ..........: 7 64 97
2022 ..........: 14 64 91
2023 ..........: 9 52 94
2024 ..........: 21
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are
considered mature or almost mature.
May Weather Summary
A stable jet-stream configuration (Western trough and Eastern ridge),
combined with a moisture contribution from elevated sea-surface temperatures
in the Atlantic Basin, fueled almost daily showers and thunderstorms in the
central and eastern United States. Tornadoes were reported somewhere in the
continental United States each day during the month, except May 15 and 18,
while there were more than 3,800 May reports of thunderstorm-induced wind
damage and well over 1,800 observations of hail at least one inch in
diameter. The Nation's preliminary monthly count of 571 tornadoes nearly
matched the highest May total on record; 573 twisters were documented in
May 2003. The month's most frenetic periods of severe weather included
May 6-9 and 19-28, with major outbreaks occurring on the night of May 8-9
from the Ozark Plateau to the Carolinas, and on May 26-27 from the middle
Mississippi Valley to the Mid-Atlantic. Tragically, ten individual tornadoes-
on May 6, 8, 13, 21, 25, and 26-resulted in 25 fatalities across eight
states. On May 25, a thunderstorm over Cooke County, Texas, spawned the
Nation's deadliest tornado (seven fatalities) since March 31, 2023, when nine
individuals perished in McNairy County, Tennessee.
National drought coverage remained at a 4-year low during May, according to
the U.S. Drought Monitor, dropping to 12.55 percent by May 28. That value was
down more than 20 percentage points from 32.98 percent on January 2, 2024. As
recently as October 10, 2023, national drought coverage had been above
40 percent. Correspondingly, national corn and soybean production areas in
drought dropped to 5 and 3 percent, respectively, by May 28. In fact, among
major row crops in the United States, only sorghum (54 percent in drought)
and winter wheat (25 percent) had appreciable acreage still experiencing
drought at the end of May, largely due to lingering pockets of soil moisture
shortages on the Plains. By June 2, topsoil moisture was rated at least
one-quarter very short to short in seven of ten states comprising the Rockies
and Plains-all but Nebraska and the Dakotas-led by New Mexico (83 percent
very short to short), Montana (47 percent), Colorado (33 percent), and Texas
(33 percent). By month's end, however, pockets of short-term dryness
developed in portions of the Atlantic Coast States, including South Carolina
(topsoil moisture rated 59 percent very short to short), Delaware
(49 percent), and Florida (40 percent).
Florida's peninsula also contended with its hottest May on record,
encompassing most communities along and south of a line from Tampa to
Orlando. Record-setting heat extended westward along the Gulf Coast into
southern and coastal Texas. The unprecedented, early-season heat across
southern Texas and peninsular Florida contributed to heavy irrigation demands
for citrus and other crops. Farther north, however, frequent showers erased
most of the remaining vestiges of Midwestern drought and provided abundant
moisture in most areas for emerging summer crops. Excessively wet conditions
developed in a few areas, slowing late-season planting and leaving topsoil
moisture rated more than 20 percent surplus by June 2 in seven Midwestern
States and six Southern States. On that date, topsoil moisture was rated at
least 40 percent surplus in Louisiana (47 percent), Kentucky (42 percent),
and Minnesota (40 percent).
Despite the local wetness, planting progress for all major row crops, except
peanuts, was at or ahead of the 5-year average pace by June 2. On that date,
only 9 percent of the Nation's intended corn acreage, along with 22 percent
of the soybeans, remained to be planted. Given the warmth and ample wetness
of May, many crops that had been planted were able to emerge and quickly
develop. Winter wheat development was also generally ahead of schedule on
June 2, with 83 percent of the crop headed (versus the 5-year average of
78 percent) and 6 percent harvested (versus the average of 3 percent). On
that date, Texas led the Nation with 33 percent of its winter wheat
harvested, followed by Oklahoma at 22 percent. Among the 18 reporting states
for winter wheat, only four-Kansas (34 percent very poor to poor), Colorado
(24 percent), Washington (19 percent), and Texas (19 percent)-noted a very
poor to poor rating on June 2 above the national value of 18 percent.
With the jet stream often diving southward in the western United States,
monthly temperatures averaged at least 2 to 4�F below normal across the
Intermountain region. Conversely, a northward-displaced jet stream east of
the Rockies led to May readings broadly ranging from 2 to 6�F above normal
from the mid-South into the Northeast, including the southern and eastern
Corn Belt. Similar temperature departures (2 to 6�F above normal) across the
Deep South were sufficiently extreme to shatter May heat records that had
stood since 1915 in Orlando, Florida, and since 1933 in Baton Rouge,
Louisiana. For the first time on record, the May average temperature topped
80�F in Baton Rouge, along with Florida locations such as Melbourne and
Vero Beach.
May Agricultural Summary
May was warmer than average for most of the Nation's East and midsection.
Parts of South Texas, as well as locations in Mississippi and New York,
recorded temperature 6�F or more above normal. In contrast, much of the West
was cooler than normal. Parts of the Rockies recorded temperatures 4�F or
more below normal. While most of southern Florida and the Southwest remained
dryer than normal, at least twice the normal amount of rainfall was recorded
in parts of the Upper Midwest, Rockies, and South. A series of storms during
the month of May brought 18 inches of rain or more to parts of East Texas.
By May 5, producers had planted 36 percent of the Nation's corn crop,
6 percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the
5-year average. Twelve percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged by
May 5, two percentage points ahead of the previous year and 3 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 19, producers had planted
70 percent of the Nation's corn crop, 6 percentage points behind last year
and 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Forty percent of the
Nation's corn acreage had emerged by May 19, six percentage points behind the
previous year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By June 2,
producers had planted 91 percent of the Nation's corn crop, 4 percentage
points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Seventy-four percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged by June 2,
seven percentage points behind the previous year but 1 percentage point ahead
of the 5-year average. On June 2, seventy-five percent of the Nation's corn
acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 11 percentage points above
the previous year.
Twenty-five percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted by May 5,
five percentage points behind last year but 4 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. Nine percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had emerged by
May 5, two percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead
of the 5-year average. Fifty-two percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was
planted by May 19, nine percentage points behind last year but 3 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Twenty-six percent of the Nation's
soybean acreage had emerged by May 19, five percentage points behind last
year but 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Seventy-eight percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted by June 2,
eleven percentage points behind last year but 5 percentage points ahead of
the 5-year average. Fifty-five percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had
emerged by June 2, fourteen percentage points behind last year but
3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
By May 5, forty-three percent of the Nation's winter wheat crop was headed,
9 percentage points ahead of last year and 11 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. By May 19, sixty-nine percent of the Nation's winter wheat
crop was headed, 11 percentage points ahead of last year and 12 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 2, eighty-three percent of the
Nation's winter wheat crop was headed, 4 percentage points ahead of last year
and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Six percent of the 2024
winter wheat acreage had been harvested by June 2, three percentage points
ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. On June 2, forty-nine percent
of the 2024 winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition,
13 percentage points above the same time last year.
Nationwide, 24 percent of the cotton crop was planted by May 5,
four percentage points ahead of both the previous year and the 5-year
average. Nationwide, 44 percent of the cotton crop was planted by May 19,
two percentage points ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year
average. Nationwide, 70 percent of the cotton crop was planted by June 2,
two percentage points ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year
average. Nine percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had reached the squaring
stage by June 2, four percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage
point ahead of the 5-year average. On June 2, sixty-one percent of the
2024 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 10 percentage
points above the same time last year.
Twenty-three percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by May 5,
equal to last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average.
Thirty-two percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by May 19,
equal to last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Fifty-one percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by June 2,
four percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of
the 5-year average. Texas had planted 84 percent of its sorghum acreage by
June 2, equal to last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average.
By May 5, producers had seeded 78 percent of the 2024 rice acreage,
9 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 18 percentage points ahead
of the 5-year average. By May 5, sixty percent of the Nation's rice acreage
had emerged, 10 percentage points ahead of last year and 21 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. By May 19, producers had seeded 92 percent of
the 2024 rice acreage, 4 percentage points ahead of the previous year and
8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 19,
seventy-six percent of the Nation's rice acreage had emerged, 3 percentage
points ahead of last year and 13 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. By June 2, eighty-eight percent of the Nation's rice acreage had
emerged, 1 percentage point ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead
of the 5-year average. On June 2, eighty-one percent of the Nation's rice
acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 11 percentage points above
the same time last year.
Nationally, oat producers had seeded 70 percent of this year's acreage by
May 5, thirteen percentage points ahead of last year and 9 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. Forty-nine percent of the Nation's oat acreage
was emerged by May 5, ten percentage points ahead of the previous year and
7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, oat producers
had seeded 87 percent of this year's acreage by May 19, eight percentage
points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. Sixty-nine percent of the Nation's oat acreage was emerged by
May 19, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year and 6 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, oat producers had seeded
97 percent of this year's acreage by June 2, one percentage point ahead of
last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Eighty-seven percent of the Nation's oat acreage was emerged by June 2,
four percentage points ahead of both the previous year and the 5-year
average. Thirty-three percent of the Nation's oat acreage had headed by
June 2, three percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. On June 2, sixty-eight percent of the Nation's
oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 11 percentage points
above the same time last year.
Forty-seven percent of the Nation's barley crop was planted by May 5,
fourteen percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead
of the 5-year average. Fourteen percent of the Nation's barley crop had
emerged by May 5, five percentage points ahead of the previous year but
1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Seventy-eight percent of the
Nation's barley crop was planted by May 19, thirteen percentage points ahead
of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Forty-eight percent of the Nation's barley crop had emerged by May 19,
twenty percentage points ahead of the previous year and 5 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-four percent of the Nation's barley crop
was planted by June 2, four percentage points ahead of last year and
1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Seventy-four percent of the
Nation's barley crop had emerged by June 2, seven percentage points ahead of
the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. On June 2,
seventy-four percent of the Nation's barley acreage was rated in good to
excellent condition, 9 percentage points above the same time last year.
By May 5, forty-seven percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded,
26 percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. By May 5, twelve percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop
had emerged, 8 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 3 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 19, seventy-nine percent of the
spring wheat crop was seeded, 22 percentage points ahead of last year and
14 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 19,
forty-three percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had emerged,
16 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 10 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. By June 2, ninety-four percent of the spring
wheat crop was seeded, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and
4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Spring wheat planting
progress was at or ahead of the 5-year average in all 6 estimating States. By
June 2, seventy-eight percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had emerged,
7 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 9 percentage points ahead
of the 5-year average. On June 2, seventy-four percent of the Nation's spring
wheat was rated in good to excellent condition, 10 percentage points above
last year.
Nationally, peanut producers had planted 22 percent of the 2024 peanut
acreage by May 5, eight percentage points ahead of the previous year and
4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, peanut producers
had planted 54 percent of the 2024 peanut acreage by May 19, four percentage
points ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average.
Nationally, peanut producers had planted 82 percent of the 2024 peanut
acreage by June 2, one percentage point ahead of the previous year but
1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Producers in Georgia, the
largest peanut-producing State, had planted 79 percent of the 2024 intended
acreage by June 2, six percentage points behind the previous year and
8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On June 2, sixty-three percent
of the Nation's peanut acreage was rated in good to excellent condition,
9 percentage points below the same time last year.
By May 5, eighty percent of the sugarbeet crop was planted, 44 percentage
points ahead of last year and 34 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. By May 19, ninety-eight percent of the sugarbeet crop was planted,
8 percentage points ahead of last year and 17 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. Planting progress was nearing completion in all 4 estimating
States.
Ten percent of the Nation's intended 2024 sunflower acreage was planted by
May 19, six percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. Thirty-eight percent of the Nation's intended
2024 sunflower acreage was planted by June 2, one percentage point ahead of
last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting
progress in North Dakota and South Dakota advanced by 22 percentage points
and 20 percentage points, respectively, during the week ending June 2.
Crop Comments
Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.29 billion bushels, up 1 percent
from the May 1 forecast and up 4 percent from 2023. As of June 1, the
United States yield is forecast at 51.4 bushels per acre, up 0.7 bushel from
last month and up 0.8 bushel from last year's average yield of 50.6 bushels
per acre. Montana, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin are expecting record high
yields. As of June 2, forty-nine percent of the winter wheat acreage in the
18 major producing States was rated in good to excellent condition,
13 percentage points higher than at the same time last year. Nationally,
83 percent of the winter wheat crop was headed by June 2, five percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average pace.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red
Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are
below last year's final head count in Colorado, Oklahoma, and Texas, but are
above last year's in Kansas, Montana, and Nebraska. As of June 2, the winter
wheat crop in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas was rated in good to excellent
condition at 34 percent, 56 percent, and 36 percent, respectively. In Texas,
winter wheat harvest was 33 percent complete, 6 percentage points ahead of
the 5-year average pace.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red
Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are all above last year's final
head count. As of June 2, the winter wheat crop in Illinois, Missouri, and
Ohio was rated in good to excellent condition at 73 percent, 68 percent, and
71 percent, respectively.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are
above last year's final head count. As of June 2, the winter wheat crop in
Idaho, Oregon, and Washington was rated in good to excellent condition at
68 percent, 54 percent, and 48 percent, respectively.
Durum wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast
at a collective 7.67 million bushels, down 1 percent from last month but up
33 percent from last year.
Grapefruit: The United States 2023-2024 grapefruit crop is forecast at
344,000 tons, down less than 1 percent from the previous forecast but
up 1 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida forecast, at
1.79 million boxes (76,000 tons), is down 1 percent from previous forecast
and down 1 percent from the last season. California and Texas grapefruit
production forecasts were carried forward from the previous forecast.
Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is
forecast at 901,000 tons, down less than 1 percent from the previous forecast
and down 7 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida
tangerine and mandarin forecast, at 450,000 boxes (21,000 tons), is
down 10 percent from the previous forecast and down 6 percent from last
season. The California tangerine and mandarin forecast was carried forward
from the previous forecast.
Hops: United States hop acreage strung for harvest in 2024 is forecast
at 44,543 acres, down 18 percent from last year's total of 54,318 acres. In
Washington, the largest acreage State, 32,982 acres were strung for harvest,
down 15 percent from the previous season. In Idaho, area strung for harvest
was 5,970 acres, down 31 percent from 2023. Oregon hop growers
strung 5,591 acres for harvest this season, down 18 percent compared
to 6,822 acres last season.
Cherries, Tart: United States tart cherry production for 2024 is forecast at
222 million pounds, up 34 percent from 2023, in comparable States. In
Michigan, an unusually mild winter was followed by frost events in March. The
month of May brought warmer conditions with adequate moisture which improved
tree growth and fruit development, with good pollination. In Utah, improved
snowpack and increased reservoir water levels provided adequate moisture.
Beginning in 2024, tart cherry estimates were discontinued in New York,
Washington, and Wisconsin.
Cherries, Sweet: United States sweet cherry total production for 2024 is
forecast at 355,000 tons, down 6 percent from 2023, in comparable states. In
Washington, the largest producing state, several counties reported freezing
temperatures that damaged the crop in January. In California, harvest began
in late April and is expected to continue into the middle of June.
Estimates began for sweet cherries in 2024 for Michigan.
Maple syrup: The 2024 United States maple syrup production totaled
5.86 million gallons, up 17 percent from the previous season for comparable
States. The number of taps totaled 17.1 million, up 5 percent from the
2023 total for comparable States. Yield per tap was 0.342 gallon,
up 0.035 gallon from the previous season for comparable States.
The 2023 United States average price per gallon was $32.80, down $1.70 from
2022. Value of production, at $159 million for 2023, was down 23 percent from
the 2022 season.
Estimates began for maple in 2024 for Connecticut, Indiana, Massachusetts,
Minnesota, Ohio, and West Virginia.
Statistical Methodology
Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were
conducted between May 25 and June 7 to gather information on expected yield
as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that
accounted for about 64 percent of the 2023 winter wheat production. Farm
operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and
seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat
fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's
maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of
emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that will be
harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to
develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is
subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until
crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the
farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to
obtain current year harvesting loss.
The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use
of mail, internet, and personal interview. Approximately 2,900 producers were
interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable
yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed
throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields.
Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1
forecast was conducted in Florida. In August and September last year, the
number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree was determined. In
August and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage
surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components are used
to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct
grower surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July.
California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel
oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.
Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and
grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with
historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather
patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years.
Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to
the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the
State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts.
Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield indications for
Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency
with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analysis of
the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB
uses the Florida survey data and their analysis to prepare the published
June 1 forecast. The June 1 orange production forecasts for California and
Texas are carried forward from April.
Revision policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead,
a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season.
End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat
marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks,
production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then
made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant
changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus
Fruits Summary released in August. The orange production estimates are based
on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including
information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records.
Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.
Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1
production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure
based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the June 1
production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of
the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the
latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes
statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be
made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the
final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's
forecast are not different from those influencing recent years.
The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast
is 5.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current
winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more
than 5.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that
the difference will not exceed 9.0 percent.
Also shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of
the differences between the June 1 forecast and the final estimate. Using
winter wheat again as an example, changes between the June 1 forecast and
final estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 59 million bushels,
ranging from 4 million to 166 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been
below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that
the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or
overstate final production.
Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecasts
[Based on data for the past twenty years]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : Difference between forecast
: : : and final estimate
: : :----------------------------------------
: :90 percent : Production : Years
Crop : Root mean :confidence :----------------------------------------
:square error: interval : : : : Below : Above
: : :Average:Smallest:Largest: final : final
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---- percent --- ----- millions ----- number
:
Oranges 1/ ...............tons: 3.7 6.4 136 10 475 8 12
Wheat :
Winter wheat ........bushels: 5.2 9.0 59 4 166 9 11
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Quantity is in thousands of units.
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural
Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to
nass@usda.gov
Nicholas Streff, Acting Chief, Crops Branch.......................................... (202) 720-2127
Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section............................................ (202) 720-2127
Irwin Anolik - Crop Progress and Condition, Flaxseed............................ (202) 720-7621
Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans............................................. (202) 690-3234
Natasha Bruton - Barley, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings.. (202) 690-1042
David Colwell - Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products........................... (202) 720-8800
Michelle Harder - Hay, Peanuts.................................................. (202) 690-8533
James Johanson - Rye, Wheat..................................................... (202) 720-8068
Greg Lemmons - Corn, Proso Millet, Rice......................................... (202) 720-9526
Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................. (202) 720-5944
Travis Thorson - Canola, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower......................... (202) 720-7369
Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section................... (202) 720-2127
Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Garlic, Onions,
Plums, Prunes, Tobacco............................................................... (202) 720-4288
Bret Holliman - Apricots, Chickpeas, Nectarines, Peaches, Snap Beans,
Sweet Corn, Tomatoes................................................................. (202) 720-7235
Robert Little - Blueberries, Cabbage, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia,
Maple Syrup, Pears, Raspberries, Spinach............................................. (202) 720-3250
Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Asparagus, Celery, Grapefruit, Kiwifruit, Lemons,
Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges, Pistachios............... (202) 720-5412
Chris Singh - Apples, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins,
Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes.......................... (202) 720-4285
Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Grapes, Green Peas,
Honeydews, Lentils, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons.............. (202) 720-2157
Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cauliflower,
Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Hops, Papayas, Pecans............................ (202) 720-4215
Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following
ways:
All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web
site: www.nass.usda.gov.
Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-
mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit
www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right
corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports
you would like to receive.
Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and
other agency's archived reports. The new website,
https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing
reports will be sent from the new website,
https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via
e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account
and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an
account or subscribe, they are located at:
https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist
notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to
avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural
Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail:
nass@usda.gov.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against
its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race,
color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion,
reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial
or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic
information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded
by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs
and/or employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination,
complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online
at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer,
or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may
also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form.
Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue,
S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at
program.intake@usda.gov. Crop Production
USDA - Contributor Content
This article could contain syndicated content. We have not reviewed, approved, or endorsed the content and may receive compensation for placement of the content on this site. For more information please view the Barchart Disclosure Policy here
/Super%20Micro%20Computer%20Inc%20logo%20on%20building-by%20Poetra_RH%20via%20Shutterstock.jpg)
