Cattle on Feed
ISSN: 1948-9080
Released September 23, 2022, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service
(NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
United States Cattle on Feed Up Slightly
Cattle and calves on feed for the slaughter market in the United States for
feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head totaled 11.3 million head on
September 1, 2022. The inventory was slightly above September 1, 2021. This
is the second highest September 1 inventory since the series began in 1996.
Placements in feedlots during August totaled 2.11 million head, slightly
above 2021. Net placements were 2.06 million head. During August, placements
of cattle and calves weighing less than 600 pounds were 430,000 head,
600-699 pounds were 320,000 head, 700-799 pounds were 465,000 head,
800-899 pounds were 532,000 head, 900-999 pounds were 270,000 head, and
1,000 pounds and greater were 95,000 head.
Marketings of fed cattle during August totaled 2.00 million head, 6 percent
above 2021.
Other disappearance totaled 53,000 head during August, 10 percent below 2021.
Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on
1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: September 1, 2021 and 2022
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : Percent of
Item : 2021 : 2022 :previous year
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---- 1,000 head ---- percent
:
On feed August 1 .......................: 11,074 11,224 101
Placed on feed during August ...........: 2,103 2,112 100
Fed cattle marketed during August ......: 1,884 2,004 106
Other disappearance during August ......: 59 53 90
On feed September 1 ....................: 11,234 11,279 100
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on
1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: August 1, 2021 and 2022
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : Percent of
Item : 2021 : 2022 :previous year
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---- 1,000 head ---- percent
:
On feed July 1 .........................: 11,295 11,340 100
Placed on feed during July .............: 1,733 1,764 102
Fed cattle marketed during July ........: 1,899 1,824 96
Other disappearance during July ........: 55 56 102
On feed August 1 .......................: 11,074 11,224 101
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States:
2021 and 2022
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : September 1, 2022
: : :--------------------------------------------
State :September 1, 2021: August 1, 2022 : : Percent of : Percent of
: : : Inventory :previous year :previous month
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --------------- 1,000 head -------------- ----- percent ----
:
Arizona ..........: 269 279 274 102 98
California .......: 530 545 520 98 95
Colorado .........: 1,080 1,040 1,030 95 99
Idaho ............: 290 275 275 95 100
Iowa .............: 590 580 590 100 102
Kansas ...........: 2,470 2,340 2,380 96 102
Minnesota ........: 90 85 90 100 106
Nebraska .........: 2,280 2,320 2,370 104 102
Oklahoma .........: 275 275 280 102 102
South Dakota .....: 200 165 175 88 106
Texas ............: 2,700 2,850 2,820 104 99
Washington .......: 195 200 200 103 100
:
Other States .....: 265 270 275 104 102
:
United States ....: 11,234 11,224 11,279 100 100
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States:
2021 and 2022
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : During August 2022
: During : During :--------------------------------------------
State : August 2021 : July 2022 : : Percent of : Percent of
: : : Placements :previous year :previous month
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ------------ 1,000 head ----------- ----- percent ----
:
Arizona ..........: 19 22 20 105 91
California .......: 52 50 50 96 100
Colorado .........: 220 160 180 82 113
Idaho ............: 53 31 45 85 145
Iowa .............: 77 60 89 116 148
Kansas ...........: 530 445 535 101 120
Minnesota ........: 14 10 18 129 180
Nebraska .........: 555 445 570 103 128
Oklahoma .........: 57 48 49 86 102
South Dakota .....: 44 26 43 98 165
Texas ............: 395 395 430 109 109
Washington .......: 36 28 32 89 114
:
Other States .....: 51 44 51 100 116
:
United States ....: 2,103 1,764 2,112 100 120
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2021 and 2022
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: During August 2021
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head
:
Colorado ......: 35 35 45 60 45 (D) (D) 220
Kansas ........: 65 90 165 140 70 (D) (D) 530
Nebraska ......: 45 50 115 175 170 (D) (D) 555
Texas .........: 160 100 80 45 10 (D) (D) 395
:
Other States ..: 100 40 75 108 80 (D) (D) 403
:
United States .: 405 315 480 528 (X) 275 100 2,103
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: During July 2022
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head
:
Colorado ......: 35 30 35 35 25 (D) (D) 160
Kansas ........: 60 80 140 110 55 (D) (D) 445
Nebraska ......: 35 50 100 145 115 (D) (D) 445
Texas .........: 185 85 70 40 15 (D) (D) 395
:
Other States ..: 90 35 60 74 60 (D) (D) 319
:
United States .: 405 280 405 404 (X) 195 75 1,764
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: During August 2022
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head
:
Colorado ......: 30 30 35 50 35 (D) (D) 180
Kansas ........: 65 100 170 135 65 (D) (D) 535
Nebraska ......: 45 50 110 190 175 (D) (D) 570
Texas .........: 190 100 80 50 10 (D) (D) 430
:
Other States ..: 100 40 70 107 80 (D) (D) 397
:
United States .: 430 320 465 532 (X) 270 95 2,112
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(X) Not applicable.
1/ The 900 pounds and greater weight group is the sum of 900-999 pounds and 1,000 pounds and greater weight groups.
Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States:
2021 and 2022
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : During August 2022
: During : During :--------------------------------------------
State : August 2021 : July 2022 : : Percent of : Percent of
: : : Marketings :previous year :previous month
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ------------ 1,000 head ----------- ----- percent ----
:
Arizona ..........: 23 22 24 104 109
California .......: 54 59 68 126 115
Colorado .........: 175 175 185 106 106
Idaho ............: 37 35 44 119 126
Iowa .............: 85 58 78 92 134
Kansas ...........: 460 445 485 105 109
Minnesota ........: 18 14 12 67 86
Nebraska .........: 465 485 510 110 105
Oklahoma .........: 51 42 42 82 100
South Dakota .....: 37 30 31 84 103
Texas ............: 400 390 450 113 115
Washington .......: 30 27 31 103 115
:
Other States .....: 49 42 44 90 105
:
United States ....: 1,884 1,824 2,004 106 110
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States:
2021 and 2022
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : During August 2022
: During : During :--------------------------------------------
State : August 2021 : July 2022 : Other : Percent of : Percent of
: : :disappearance :previous year :previous month
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ----- percent ----
:
Arizona ..........: 1 1 1 100 100
California .......: 8 6 7 88 117
Colorado .........: 5 5 5 100 100
Idaho ............: 1 1 1 100 100
Iowa .............: 2 2 1 50 50
Kansas ...........: 10 10 10 100 100
Minnesota ........: 1 1 1 100 100
Nebraska .........: 10 10 10 100 100
Oklahoma .........: 1 1 2 200 200
South Dakota .....: 2 1 2 100 200
Texas ............: 15 15 10 67 67
Washington .......: 1 1 1 100 100
:
Other States .....: 2 2 2 100 100
:
United States ....: 59 56 53 90 95
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Terms and Definitions of Cattle on Feed Estimates
Cattle on feed are steers and heifers being fed a ration of grain, silage,
hay and/or protein supplement for slaughter market that are expected to
produce a carcass that will grade select or better. It excludes cattle being
"backgrounded only" for later sale as feeders or later placement in another
feedlot.
Placements are steers and heifers put into a feedlot, fed a ration which will
produce a carcass that will grade select or better, and are intended for the
slaughter market.
Marketings are steers and heifers shipped out of feedlots to a slaughter
market.
Other disappearance includes death loss, movement from feedlots to pasture,
and shipments to other feedlots for further feeding.
Statistical Methodology
Survey Procedures: During January and July all known feedlots in the United
States with capacity of 1,000 or more head are surveyed to provide data for
cattle on feed estimates. During the other months, all known feedlots from 16
States are surveyed. The 16 States account for approximately 98 percent of
the cattle on feed in feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head.
Individual State estimates are published monthly for 12 of the 16 States.
Data collected from the remaining 4 States are used to establish the "Other
States" estimates. These 4 States include Illinois, New Mexico, Oregon, and
Wyoming. The "Other States" category represents all cattle on feed with a
capacity of 1,000 or more head for the rest of the United States.
Estimating Procedures: These cattle on feed estimates were prepared by the
Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis
submitted by Regional Field Offices. Regional and State survey data were
reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from the
previous month when establishing the current estimates.
Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve month to
month relationships. Estimates for the previous month are subject to revision
in all States each month when current estimates are made. In February, all
monthly estimates for the previous year, and the number of feedlots and
annual marketings from two years ago are reviewed and subject to revisions.
The reviews are primarily based on slaughter data, state check-off or brand
data, and any other data that may have been received after the original
estimate was made. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Census
of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date and
estimates become final.
Reliability: Since all 1,000+ capacity cattle on feed operators in every
State are not included in the monthly survey, survey estimates are subject to
sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors
such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and
processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly.
They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection
process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and
reasonableness.
To assist users in evaluating the reliability of estimates in this report,
the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table on the
following page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based
on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and
latest estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for cattle on feed inventory
estimates over the past 24 months is 0.0 percent. This means that chances are
2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current
estimate of 11.3 million head by more than 0.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of
10 that the difference will not exceed 0.0 percent.
The table on the following page shows a 24-month record of the range of
differences between first and latest estimates for selected items. Using
estimates of number on feed as an example, changes between the first estimate
and the latest estimate during the past 24 months have averaged 1,000 head,
ranging from 0 to 6,000 head. During this period the initial estimate has
been above the latest estimate 1 time and has been below the latest estimate
5 times. This does not imply that the initial estimate is likely to
understate or overstate final inventory.
Reliability of Monthly Cattle on Feed Estimates
[Based on data for the past 24 months]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate
: square error : confidence : : : : :
: : level :-------------------------------------------------------------
Item : : : : : : Months
: : : : : :-------------------------------
: : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent percent ------- 1,000 ------- ----- number ----
:
On feed ......................: 0.0 0.0 1 0 6 5 1
:
Placements ...................: 0.2 0.3 2 0 7 7 9
:
Marketings ...................: 0.1 0.2 1 0 7 4 8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural
Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to
nass@usda.gov.
Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ............................................. (202) 692-0069
Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ............................................... (202) 690-2424
Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter .......................................... (202) 690-8632
Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed .............................................. (202) 720-3040
Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs .................................................. (202) 720-3106
Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows ...................................... (202) 720-3278
Suzanne Richards - Dairy Products ................................................ (202) 720-4448
Vacant - Sheep and Goats ......................................................... (202) 690-3236
Access to NASS Reports
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program.intake@usda.gov.Cattle on Feed
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