About Naked Puts
Selling a naked put is an investment strategy very similar to a covered call. It can be used to generate additional premium income, but unlike a covered call, you do not own the underlying stock. Over 75% of options are held until expiration and expire worthless. So what is a naked put?
Using a naked put strategy, you sell put options on a stock you do not own, and earn the premium income if the option expires worthless. A naked put strategy is somewhat riskier than a covered call strategy, as you will be obligated to buy shares of the underlying stock at the strike price if the call is exercised before it expires.
- You sell (short) a put option against a stock (1 option controls 100 shares).
Thus, 1 Naked Put = short 1 put option.
The aggregate operation is typically known as naked put writing. It is called “naked” because should the option be exercised you will have to purchase the stock required to fulfill the delivery obligation for the 100 shares, as opposed to selling a covered call, where you own the underlying stock. In a worst-case scenario for an exercised naked put, the underlying stock falls to 0.00 and you are obligated to buy a worthless stock at the strike price.
Naked Puts Strategy:Â The page is initially sorted by descending "Potential Return".
Options information is delayed a minimum of 15 minutes, and is updated at least once every 15-minutes through-out the day. The screener displays probability calculations based on the delayed stock price at the time the strategy is updated. The new day's options data will start populating the screener at approximately 9:05a CT.
Main features of the Screener include:
- Ability to add various filters, with hundreds of different combinations.
- Save a Screener: When you've defined filters that you want to use again, save the screener.
- Load a Saved Screener: Select a previously saved set of Screener filters to view today's results.
- View the Results using Flipcharts: Page through charts of the symbols on the results page. You may choose to view charts for the underlying equity or for the option strike when you open the Flipcharts link.
- Download the Results: Download up to 1000 results to a .csv file. The Download will also pull all of the data fields present on the View you use. Barchart Premier Members may download up to 100 .csv files per day.
- Send an End-of-Day Email of a Screener's Results: Barchart Premier Members can save a screener, and opt to receive 10, 25, or 50 results via email along with an optional .csv file of the top 1000 results. Emails are sent at 4:45pm CT Monday thru Friday.
Filters
Barchart Premier subscribers can add or modify different filters on the screener to find calls on the most favorable stock options.
Reordering Filters
Once filters are added, you may drag and drop them in the SET FILTERS tab to reorder the way they appear on the RESULTS tab (when using the Filters View). Each filter you add has the "Order" icon which is used to reposition it.
Since a Naked Put is written on stocks you do not own (but will be required to purchase if the option is exercised), a typical filter to add to this screener is the Symbol filter.
So you can focus on the best options, the screener starts by removing certain puts and calls from all strategies:
- Break even must be greater than or equal to 0%.
- The stock price must be greater or equal to 1.00
- The options volume must be greater than or equal to 500.
- The bid price must be greater than 0.05
- Open interest must be greater than or equal to 100.
- The option must not be an "adjusted" option (Ex: The option cannot be based on a split stock).
- Moneyness is between -25% to -5% (OTM). Moneyness refers to the relative position of the underlying asset's last price to the strike price. When a put option's Moneyness is negative, the underlying last price is greater than the strike price; when positive, the underlying last price is less than the strike price. Â
- If the ask is greater than or equal to $5.00, the spread between the bid and ask must be less than or equal to 10% of the ask.
- If the ask is between $2.00 and $5.00, the spread between the bid and ask must be less than or equal to 15% of the ask.
- If the ask is between $1.00 and $2.00, the spread between the bid and ask must be less than or equal to 25% of the ask.
- If the ask is less than $1.00, the spread between the bid and ask must be less than or equal to 50% of the ask.
Note: "Restricted options" (options quotes marked with an asterisk * after the strike price, and found on an individual symbol's options page) are automatically removed from the screener. A "restricted option" is typically created after spin-offs or mergers, and is not trade-able.
Views
The Results page contains three standard views. You may switch the view using the links at the top of the screener results table. The Main View shows the Volume and Open Interest for each option, while the Dividend & Earnings View can be used to highlight strategies with upcoming dividends and earnings. The Filter view shows you the data contained in the field(s) you've added to the screener.
Main View
- Symbol - the underlying equity. Clicking on the symbol will take you to the current quote page.
- Price - the delayed stock price at the time the strategy is updated for the underlying equity.
- Strike - the price at which the underlying security can be bought if the option is exercised.
- Moneyness -  Refers to the relative position of the underlying asset's last price to the strike price. When a put option's Moneyness is negative, the underlying last price is greater than the strike price; when positive, the underlying last price is less than the strike price. Â
- Exp Date - the expiration date of the option.
- Bid - the premium to purchase this option.
- Break Even - strike value - bid
- Break Even% - The percent change in the stock price until the stock reaches the break even price before expiration. Break Even% is calculated as ((stock price - strike value + bid) / (strike value - bid)) * 100.0
- Volume - the total number of options traded in the current day for a contract.
- Open Interest - the total number of open option contracts in the market for a particular contract. The more popular the contract is with options traders, the greater the Open Interest. An opening transaction will increase the Open Interest, and a closing transaction will decrease it.
- Delta - Delta measures the amount an option price will change as a result of a $1.00 price change of the underlying security. Since put options rise and fall directly with the price of the stock, they are assigned deltas between -100 to 0.
- Implied Volatility (IV)- the estimated volatility of the underlying stock over the period of the option.
- Potential Return%Â - the potential percentage of return for this strategy, calculated as bid / (strike - bid) * 100
- Annualized Potential Return%Â - the annualized percentage of potential return for this covered call assuming the stock price remains the same (i.e. flat) until the option expiration. It is calculated as (Potential Return / Days Held) * 365 where Days Held is the number of days remaining until expiration.
Dividend & Earnings View
- Dividend - the dividend the equity pays on the Ex-Dividend Date. On the morning of the Dividend Ex-Date, the stock's price is lowered by the amount of the dividend that was just paid.
- Dividend Ex-Date - the first day on which the stock trades without the dividend. If you wish to receive the dividend, you must own the stock by the close of market on the day before the Dividend Ex-Date. Many times, a covered call is exercised early so the buyer can own the stock and collect the dividend. This typically happens to ITM options the day before the Dividend Ex-Date.
- Earnings Date - The date on which a company is expected to release their next earnings report. The prices are more volatile, which tends to inflate the prices of the near-the-money strikes. During a contract period when there is an earnings report due, the earnings announcement can dramatically shift the range in which the stock has been trading.
Options View
- Symbol - the underlying equity. Clicking on the symbol will take you to the current quote page.
- Price - the delayed stock price for the underlying equity.
- Strike - the price at which the underlying security can be bought if the option is exercised.
- Exp Date - the expiration date of the option
- DTE - days till expiration
- Last Price - the price of the option.
- Bid - The highest price that a BUYER is willing to pay, or the price at which you can sell the option.
- Midpoint - the midpoint between the bid and ask price.
- Ask - The lowest price that a SELLER is willing to receive, or the price at which you can buy the option.
- Delta - Measures the sensitivity of an option's theoretical value to a change in the price of the underlying asset.
- Implied Volatility (IV)- the estimated volatility of the underlying stock over the period of the option.
- Volume - the total number of options traded in the current day for a contract.
- Open Interest - the total number of open option contracts in the market for a particular contract. The more popular the contract is with options traders, the greater the Open Interest. An opening transaction will increase the Open Interest, and a closing transaction will decrease it.
- Last Trade - the date/time of the last trade for the option. Options information is delayed a minimum of 15 minutes, and is updated at least once every 15-minutes through-out the day.Â
Probability Calculation
We take the underlying stock price, the break even point (target price), the days to expiration, and the 52-week historical volatility, and then use those figures in this formula. Depending on the strategy, we use the above or below probability (i.e., the probability the price crosses the break even point).
Pabove = N(d)
Pbelow = 1 - N(d)
where
N(d)= x if d > 0
= (1-x) if d < 0
and
d = 1n(b/l) / v√t,
y = 1/(1 + 0.2316419|d|),
z = 0.3989423e - (d*d)/2,
x = 1 - z(1.330274y⁵ - 1.821256y⁴ + 1.781478y³ - 0.356538y² + 0.3193815y)
and
b = break even point
l = last price
v = 52-week historical volatility
t = days to expiration
e = 2.71828
